NHI.no
Annonse
Informasjon

Spilleavhengighet

Spilleavhengighet kan påvirke mange områder av livet, bl.a. økonomi, arbeid og forholdet til andre mennesker. Det hjelper godt å be om hjelp om man ønsker å slutte, men akkurat det skrittet er tøft å ta..

Omtrent én prosent av befolkningen lider av spillavhengighet. Lidelsen oppfattes likevel som et stort problem i folkehelseperspektiv.

Sist oppdatert:

5. jan. 2023

Vil du vite mer

Dette dokumentet er basert på det profesjonelle dokumentet Spilleavhengighet . Referanselisten for dette dokumentet vises nedenfor

  1. KORUS Øst kompetansesenter. Sykehuset Innlandet. Spilleavhengighet. Nettsiden besøkt 07.12.22. www.rus-ost.no
  2. Romanczuk-Seiferth N, van den Brink W, Goudriaan AE. From symptoms to neurobiology: pathological gambling in the light of the new classification in DSM-5. Neuropsychobiology. 2014;70(2):95-102. PMID: 25359489. PubMed
  3. Pallesen S, Mentzoni RA, Torsheim T, Erevik Eilin, Molde H, Morken AM. Omfang av penge- og dataspillproblemer i Norge 2019. Bergen: Institutt for samfunnspsykologi 2020. www.uib.no
  4. Lotteri- og stiftelsestilsynet. Norske Pengespel 2020. lottstift.no
  5. Potenza MN. Neurobiology of gambling behaviors. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2013; 23(4): 660-667. PubMed
  6. Murch WS, Clark L. Games in the Brain: Neural Substrates of Gambling Addiction. Neuroscientist 2016; 22(5): 534-545. PubMed
  7. Potenza MN. Review. The neurobiology of pathological gambling and drug addiction: an overview and new findings. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2008; 363: 3181-9. PubMed
  8. Linnet J, Møller A, Peterson E, et al. Inverse association between dopaminergic neurotransmission and Iowa Gambling Task performance in pathological gamblers and healthy controls. Scand J Psychol 2011; 52: 28-34. PubMed
  9. Linnet J, Møller A, Peterson E, et al. Dopamine release in ventral striatum during Iowa Gambling Task performance is associated with increased excitement levels in pathological gambling. Addiction 2011; 106: 383-90. PubMed
  10. Grant JE, Kim SW, Odlaug BL. A double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the opiate antagonist, naltrexone, in the treatment of kleptomania. Biol Psychiatry 2009; 65: 600-6. PubMed
  11. Weidacker K, Johnston SJ, Mullins PG, Boy F, Dymond S. Impulsive decision-making and gambling severity: The influence of γ-amino-butyric acid (GABA) and glutamate-glutamine (Glx). Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2020 Mar;32:36-46. PMID: 31901336. PubMed
  12. Dowling NA, Oldenhof E, Shandley K, et al. The intergenerational transmission of problem gambling: the mediating role of offspring gambling expectancies and motives. Addict Behav 2018; 77: 16-20. PubMed
  13. Yau YH, Potenza MN. Gambling disorder and other behavioral addictions: recognition and treatment. Harv Rev Psychiatry. 2015 Mar-Apr;23(2):134-46 . pmid:25747926 PubMed
  14. Grant JE, Odlaug BL, Chamberlain SR. Neural and psychological underpinnings of gambling disorder: A review. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2016; 65: 188-193. PubMed
  15. Grant J. Impulse control disorders: a clinician’s guide to understanding and treating behavioural addictions. New York: W.W Norton; 2008.
  16. Slutske WS. Natural recovery and treatment-seeking in pathological gambling: results of two U.S. national surveys. Am J Psychiatry 2006; 163: 297-302. American Journal of Psychiatry
  17. Wenzel H, Dahl A. Female pathological gamblers - a critical review of the clinical findings. Int J Ment Health Addiction 2009; 7: 190-202. PubMed
  18. James RJ, Tunney RJ. The need for a behavioural analysis of behavioural addictions. Clin Psychol Rev 2017; 52: 69-76. PubMed
  19. Moore TJ, Glenmullen J, Mattison DR. Reports of Pathological Gambling, Hypersexuality, and Compulsive Shopping Associated With Dopamine Receptor Agonist Drugs. JAMA Intern Med 2014. pmid:25329919 PubMed
  20. Volberg RA, McNamara LM, Carris KL. Risk Factors for Problem Gambling in California: Demographics, Comorbidities and Gambling Participation. Journal of Gambling Studies 2017. PMID: 28685275. PubMed
  21. Hansen M, Rossow I. Pengespill og suicidal atferd. Tidsskr Nor Legeforen 2008; 128: 174-6. PubMed
  22. Dowling NA, Cowlishaw S, Jackson AC, et al. Prevalence of psychiatric co-morbidity in treatment-seeking problem gamblers: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2015; 49(6): 519-539. PubMed
  23. Shead NW, Derevensky JL, Gupta R. Risk and protective factors associated with youth problem gambling. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2010; 22: 39-58. PubMed
  24. Łabuzek K, Beil S, Beil-Gawełczyk J, et al. The latest achievements in the pharmacotherapy of gambling disorder. Pharmacol Rep. 2014 Oct;66(5):811-20 . pmid:25149985 PubMed
  25. Leppink EW, Redden SA, Chamberlain SR, Granta JE. Cognitive flexibility correlates with gambling severity in young adults. J Psychiatr Res. 2016 Oct; 81: 9–15 . doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2016.06.010 DOI
  26. Helsedirektoratet, handlingsplan mot spilleproblemer. Klevan T, Krane V, Weimand BM. "Det går på en måte aldri over". IS-2744 www.helsedirektoratet.no
  27. Marionneau V, Nikkinen J. Gambling-related suicides and suicidality: A systematic review of qualitative evidence. Front Psychiatry. 2022 Oct 26;13:980303. PMID: 36387006. PubMed
  28. KoRus-Øst (2017). Problematisk spilleatferd i penge- og dataspill: Kartlegging av behandlingsmetoder og behandlingssteder, Kompetansesenter rus - region øst.
  29. Carlbring P, Jonsson J, Josephson H, Forsberg L. Motivational interviewing versus cognitive behavioral group therapy in the treatment of problem and pathological gambling: a randomized controlled trial. Cogn Behav Ther 2010; 39: 92-103. PubMed
  30. Pallesen S, Molde H, Arnestad HM et al. Medikamentell behandling ved spilleavhengighet Tidsskr Nor Lægeforen 2006; 126: 1322 – 4.
  31. Dannon PN, Lowengrub K, Gonopolski Y, et al. Pathological gambling: a review of phenomenological models and treatment modalities for an underrecognized psychiatric disorder. Prim Care Companion J Clin Psychiatry 2006; 8: 334-9. PubMed
  32. Dell'Osso B, Altamura AC, Allen A, et al. Epidemiologic and clinical updates on impulse control disorders: a critical review. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2006; 256: 464-75. PubMed
  33. Grant JE, Kim SW. Medication management of pathological gambling. Minn Med 2006; 89: 44-8. PubMed
  34. Genton P, Bauer J, Duncan S, et al. On the association between valproate and polycystic ovary syndrome. Epilepsia 2001; 42: 295-304. PubMed
  35. Grant JE, Odlaug BL, Schreiber LR. Pharmacological treatments in pathological gambling. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2014; 77(2): 375-381. PubMed
  36. Labuzek K, Beil S, Beil-Gawelczyk J, et al. The latest achievements in the pharmacotherapy of gambling disorder. Pharmacol Rep 2014; 66(5): 811-820. PubMed
  37. Topf JL, Yip SW, Potenza MN. Pathological Gambling: Biological and Clinical Considerations. J Addict Med 2009; 3: 111-119. PubMed
  38. Norsk Tipping: Regulering og politiske beslutninger. Den norske pengespillmodellen. Nettsiden besøkt 09.12.22. 2020.norsk-tipping.no
  39. Kultur og likestillingsdepartementet. Handlingsplan mot spilleproblemer 2022 – 2025. Publikasjonskode: V-1030 www.regjeringen.no
  40. Norsk Tipping - Produkter. In; 2012.
  41. Cunningham-Williams RM, Cottler LB, Compton WM 3d, Spitznagel EL. Taking chances: problem gamblers and mental health disorders--results from the St. Louis Epidemiologic Catchment Area Study. Am J Public Health 1998; 88: 1093-6 Published erratum in Am J Public Health 1998; 88: 1407.
  42. Shead NW, Derevensky JL, Gupta R. Risk and protective factors associated with youth problem gambling. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2010; 22: 39-58. PubMed
  43. Bjelland B. Kognitive prosesser og spilleavhenighet. In: Psykologisk arbeid med rus- og avhengighets-problemer. N-Haugesund: Norsk psykologforening, Rogaland lokalavdeling; 2006.
Annonse
Annonse